Architecture & Design: ARCH 161 - Research Paper Session

• DON'T initially read a scholarly article or book from beginning to end; 
• DO read certain sections first to understand the main arguments and results. 
• DO Review endnotes, footnotes, and citations found in the article for additional sources.

Image Citations

Original Images by YOU or your GROUP Project: Either (at minimum) state your full name and year as the caption or, if you choose no captions, put a statement at the top of your reference list claiming, "All uncredited images were created by the author/designer of this project." If an image was created by a single individual, it's best to credit their name in the caption.  If an image was created with multiple people's input but not the entire group, credit the contributing members in the caption.

IMAGES from ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: Procedures for citation are still evolving, so indicate in the caption, at minimum, that AI was used to create the design and ask your professor if they require further information (prompts, etc.). 

Reverse Image Search: If you're wondering about the origin of an uncredited image,search engines like Google and TinEye allow you to search using the image itself so you can see other places where it exists on the web.

 

Johnston, Frances Benjamin, photographer. Frances Benjamin Johnston, full-length portrait, seated in front of fireplace, facing left, holding cigarette in one hand and a beer stein in the other, in her Washington, D.C. studio. Washington D.C, 1896. Photograph. https://www.loc.gov/item/98502934/.

Although you can use natural language in Google Scholar, like you do in Google, you can also use Boolean operators and phrase searching like you have been taught to use in the library databases.

• Use quotation marks to find phrases: “brutalist architecture”
• Use AND in between words to narrow your results: "brutalist architecture" AND "Gropius"
• Use OR in between words to broaden results: ("brutalist architecture" OR "brutalism") AND "World War II"
• Use the minus sign immediately before a search term you want to exclude: "brutalist architecture" -concrete (This is like using NOT in the library databases.)

(Avery, Art+Architecture Source)

• Simple search allows for searching by keyword (a word which appears anywhere in the record), author , title word, abstract word, subject word, or name of a journal.  
• Advanced (Refined) search offers options to search by Author word as well as by exact Author's name, by title word and by exact title (if known). 
• Boolean operators: AND, OR, NOT
• If you are not sure of spelling of a word or a term use truncation mark "?"
  Example, searching for a subject word [SU: Water quality management] you will get "water resources development" as well as "water supply".
• THEN limit your search by specifying date, language, or country of publication.

You can use "limit" option to locate records with illustrations: plans, maps, photos, elevations, isometric drawings, etc (select type of illustrations from the menu and apply limits).

Search JSTOR/ArtStor using your chosen terms. AND is assumed between words. OR works only if in capital letters. NOT or the minus sign - can be used to exclude terms. Do not put a space between the mark and the search term.

For example, searches like:

"Brutalism" Gropius (oeuvre OR "body of work")​​​​​​​